个性化桌面外观——我的小爱好

July 6, 2010

适用的操作系统

Windows XP

安装黑色调的主题

下载并安装 ZuneDesktopTheme——黑色调有金属质感的主题。该软件出自微软,可放心使用。

下载地址: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=75078

 

选择桌面背景图片

如果打算黑到底,NASA的"每日一图"中肯定会有合适你的选择:http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html

 

改变窗口的背景色

将Window XP窗口的背景色从白色变成淡绿色——设置方法如下:

在桌面点右键选"属性"(properties),接着点"外观"(appearance),点右下角的"高级"(advanced),然后在"项目"(items)的下拉菜单里选"窗口" (windows),再点它右侧的下拉菜单"颜色"(color),点下方的"其它" (others),然后把"色调"(Hue)设为85,"饱和度"(Sat)设为90,"亮度" (Lum)设为205。(产品出厂时,一般分别设为160、0、240。) 然后单击"添加到自定义颜色"(Add to custom colors),按"确定"(OK)…… 一直"确定"(OK)下去。

 

把窗口设成绿色之后,再来把IE的网页背景也变成养眼的绿色吧:打开IE,点击"工具"(TOOLS),点最下方的"Internet选项" (INTERNET OPTIONS),点右下角的"辅助功能"(Assessibility),然后勾选第一个"不使用网 页中指定的颜色"(ignore colors specified on web pages),然后点"确定" (OK)–确定……退出。

 

使用Tahoma字体

在桌面点右键选"属性"(properties),接着点"外观"(appearance),点右下角的"高级"(advanced),然后在"项目"(items)的下拉菜单里所有可选择字体的选项中,将字体改成Tahoma,并可调整字体大小。

 

使用ClearType

在桌面点右键选"属性"(properties),接着点"外观"(appearance),点"effect",选中"ClearType",并确认。

保存个性化设置

在桌面点右键选"属性"(properties),接着点Theme,点"save as",选择合适的目录和文件名来保存个性化桌面的设置。


November 19, 1863 – Abraham Lincoln “Gettysburg Address”

July 1, 2010

Audio files

MP3 – read by Jeff Daniels – 2.31 Megs

MP3 – read by Sam Waterston – 672 KB

MP3 – read by Johnny Cash – 2.4 Megs

 

Draft of this speech

http://memory.loc.gov/master/ipo/qcdata/qcdata6/lincoln/tiffs/al0186p1.tif

This document represents the earliest known of the five drafts of what may be the most famous American speech. Delivered by President Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, at the dedication of a memorial cemetery on November 19, 1863, it is now familiarly known as the "Gettysburg Address."

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

葛底斯堡演说(GETTYSBURG ADDRESS )

林肯是美国第十六届总统,并当选为第十七届总统。任职期间,正值美国著名的南北战争(1861-1865)。1863年7月1日,南北武装在小镇葛底斯堡发生决斗,双方伤亡五万一千人。林肯总统在公墓落成典礼发表讲话。

林肯的讲话是极简短、极朴素的,这段时间只有两分钟,这使那些喜欢滔滔不绝讲演的大家瞧不起,但是,随着时间的推移,在当时有人发表的光华夺目的演说却被人们淡忘了,林肯的这篇演说,逐渐发出了眩目的光芒。后人给以极高评价的那份演说辞,在今天译成中文,也不过400字。林肯的这篇演说是演说史上著名的篇章,其思想深刻,行文严谨,语言冼练。

1863年7月3日葛底斯堡战役是美国南北战争中最为残酷的一战,这是南北战争的转折点。这场战役交战双方共死了51000人,而当时美国只有几百万人口。四个月后林肯总统到葛底斯堡战场访问,为这场伟大战役的阵亡将士墓举行落成仪式。

这篇演说是在1863年11月19日发表的。这篇演讲被认为是英语演讲中的最高典范,尤其重要的是,林肯在演讲中表达了一个政府存在的目的——民有、民治、民享。其演讲手稿被藏于美国国会图书馆,其演说辞被铸成金文,长存于牛津大学。至今,人们也常在许多重要场合提起或朗诵它。

虽然这是一篇庆祝军事胜利的演说,但它没有好战之气。相反,这是一篇感人肺腑的颂辞,赞美那些作出最后牺牲的人们,以及他们为之献身的那些理想。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

November 19, 1863

 

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

 

主讲:亚伯拉罕·林肯

 时间:1863年11月19日

 地点:美国,宾夕法尼亚,葛底斯堡

八十七年前,我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家,它孕育于自由之中,奉行一切人生来平等的原则。

我们正从事一场伟大的内战,以考验这个国家,或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命,我们来到这里,是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的。

但是,从更广泛的意义上说,这块土地我们不能够奉献,不能够圣化,不能够神化。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们,活着的和去世的,已经把这块土地圣化了,这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。我们今天在这里所说的话,全世界不大会注意,也不会长久地记住,但勇士们在这里所做过的事,全世界却永远不会忘记。毋宁说,倒是我们这些还活着的人,应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上吸取更多的献身精神,来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业;我们要在这里下定最大的决心,不让这些死者白白牺牲;我们要使国家在上帝福佑下自由的新生,要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。


There is a tide in the affairs of men

April 29, 2010

Brutus:

There is a tide in the affairs of men.

Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;

Omitted, all the voyage of their life

Is bound in shallows and in miseries.

On such a full sea are we now afloat,

And we must take the current when it serves,

Or lose our ventures.

"Julius Caesar Act 4, scene 3, 218–224" William Shakespeare

A few background information:

Brutus and Cassius are discussing the final phase of their civil war with the forces of Octavian and Marcus Antonius. Cassius has been urging that they group their forces at Sardis and take advantage of the secure location to catch their breath. Brutus, however, advocates heading off the enemy at Philippi before Octavian can recruit more men. Brutus’s main point is that, since "the enemy increaseth every day" and "We, at the height, are ready to decline" (lines 216–217), he and Cassius must act now while the ratio of forces is most advantageous. "There’s a tide in the affairs of men," he insists; that is, power is a force that ebbs and flows in time, and one must "go with the flow." Waiting around only allows your power to pass its crest and begin to ebb; if the opportunity is "omitted" (missed), you’ll find yourself stranded in miserable shallows.


Quotations by Mahatma Gandhi

April 20, 2010

Mahatma Gandhi (1869 – 1948)

Indian political and spiritual leader

 

Always aim at complete harmony of thought and word and deed. Always aim at purifying your thoughts and everything will be well.

As long as you derive inner help and comfort from anything, keep it.

Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes.

Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.

Hate the sin, love the sinner.

Honest differences are often a healthy sign of progress.

Honest disagreement is often a good sign of progress.

I believe in equality for everyone, except reporters and photographers.

I cannot teach you violence, as I do not myself believe in it. I can only teach you not to bow your heads before any one even at the cost of your life.

I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanent.

I want freedom for the full expression of my personality.

In the attitude of silence the soul finds the path in a clearer light, and what is elusive and deceptive resolves itself into crystal clearness. Our life is a long and arduous quest after Truth.

Indolence is a delightful but distressing state; we must be doing something to be happy.

It is better to be violent, if there is violence in our hearts, than to put on the cloak of nonviolence to cover impotence.

It is unwise to be too sure of one’s own wisdom. It is healthy to be reminded that the strongest might weaken and the wisest might err.

One needs to be slow to form convictions, but once formed they must be defended against the heaviest odds.

Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will.

The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.

Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it.

When I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth and love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of it–always.

You must be the change you want to see in the world.

You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.

 

What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty or democracy?

Mahatma Gandhi, "Non-Violence in Peace and War"

 

Victory attained by violence is tantamount to a defeat, for it is momentary.

Mahatma Gandhi, ‘Satyagraha Leaflet No. 13,’ May 3, 1919

 

An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.

 

Freedom is not worth having if it does not connote freedom to err. It passes my comprehension how human beings, be they ever so experienced and able, can delight in depriving other human beings of that precious right.

Mahatma Gandhi, 1931


RSU, Stock Option and ESSP

March 28, 2010

RSU

受限制的4年之内离职就一股都拿不走,证券法是没有规定的,明显错误。这个问题不属于证券法管理的范畴。

受限股票单位(RSU )的本质是在一定期限内不能卖出,或者说不能上市流通。通常为4年。

获得受限股票单位(RSU )的职工面积可以很大,比如达到50%以上。同时对工作年限没有限制。但是,实际上,获得受限股票单位(RSU )的多少往往与工作年限有关。期权与此相比,受益职工面积可以更大,如全员持股期权,而且通常有一个较长的工作时段,否则没法兑现。 受限股票单位(RSU )目前正在成为取代期权的一种流行的职工激励方式,因为股票的价值通常总是大于零的,而期权则不一定,可能等于零,所以受限股票单位(RSU )对职工有更明确的激励内容和实惠。

受限制股票的本意是限制股票的流动性。在职工离开公司时,RSU的处理方式有三种,一种就是直接带走,但是还是不能流通,要等到约定时间以后才可以,通常是2年或者4年;第二种是公司收回,这种情况就是你问题中提到的情况;第三种是公司强制性回购。通常价格低于市场价。带有惩罚性。至于实际上采用哪种方法,取决于职工与公司的合同关系,或者发放RSU时的约定。

RSU和普通股的一个区别是,RSU不能获得分红。——这一点未经考证,但似乎是事实。

具体的定义参见Wiki中对RSU的解释

Stock Option

股票期权 (stock option), 百度百科里有详细的解释。

认股证(warrant)和股票期权(stock option)有什么区别?参见百度里的答案。

ESSP

ESSP, Employee
stock purchase plan
的缩写。Wiki中也只有一个简单的说明:

In the United States an employee stock purchase plan
(ESPP) is a tax-efficient means by which employees of a corporation can
purchase the corporation’s stock, often at a discount. For example the discount
might be 85% of the stock price at a certain date as determined by the plan.

这段话给出两点重要的信息:

  1. 设计ESSP的目的是给员工增加一种tax-efficient的获得福利的手段;
  2. 按折扣购买本公司的股票,通常为85折。

一些来源于实践的额外信息:

  1. ESSP通常是有周期的,比如6个月。
  2. 某员工6个月工资的0% ~ N%,可以用来按折扣购买公司的股票。(6*月薪*N%)为该6个月周期内能购买的上限。
  3. 用于购买股票的钱,按月从员工工资扣除;
  4. 如果不考虑汇率的变动(视为常量),无论该公司股票的涨跌,ESSP对员工来说是保证收益的。具体的计算和罗列可能性有点繁琐,大致的简化结果如下:
    1. 6个月期满时,如果公司股票上涨了X%,收益为((15%+X%)*月薪*6)
    2. 6个月期满时,如果公司股票下跌,公司会保证员工获得(15%*月薪*6)的收益
    3. 当然,6个月来用于购买股票的本金也一并归还
    4. 以上计算均未考虑纳税

这个网页提供了更多参考信息。

Regulations

由于中国证监会和中国外汇管理局的规定,“国内居民不能直接投资境外股票”。因此,中国员工RSU和从ESSP取得的境外股票到期就会被强制卖出。


水晶球

March 28, 2010

 
在《哈利·波特》这部魔法小说中,霍格沃茨魔法学校教授占卜学的老师是西比尔·派西娜·特里劳妮(英语:Sybill Patricia Trelawney),她是伟大的预言家占卜先知卡珊卓·特里劳妮(名字出于希腊神话的女预言家卡珊德拉)的玄孙女。

Trelawney

 

预言、占卜、先知的典型道具就是水晶球(如上图)。可是并不是学好占卜课,有个水晶球就能具有预言、占卜的能力的。《哈利·波特》中清楚得交代了,即便是特里劳妮家族中,这种神奇的能力也只是隔代遗传。

~~~~~~~~~~

不知从什么时候起,春晚的小品也有水晶球般预言的魔力——当然这是赵本山的小品专利。

最典型的案例,莫过于2009年的小品《不差钱》。"不差钱"三个字可以说道出了2009年中国的货币政策,财政政策的"精髓"。如果谁能在年初悟出这三字真言的内涵,那他在股市、楼市一定能大赚一笔。

2010年虎年春晚 (2010年2月13日),赵本山的小品《捐款》是否能再现预言的魔力?这可不是一个积极的预言,"捐款"给人最直接的联想就是灾难和危机。

海地地震

加勒比岛国海地当地时间2010年1月12日16时53分(北京时间13日5时53分)发生里氏7.0级地震。截至2010年1月26日,海地地震进入第15天,世界卫生组织确认,此次海地地震已造成11.3万人丧生,19.6万人受伤。……地震发生后,国际社会纷纷伸出援手,表示将向海地提供人道主义援助。

智利康塞普西翁地震

北京时间2010年2月27日14:34,智利第二大城市康塞普西翁发生里氏8.8级特大地震,震中位于智利比奥比奥省(BIO-BIO),位于智利康塞普西翁(Concepcion)东北89公里,震源位于地下55公里。当地时间3月2日,智利总统米歇尔.巴切莱特2日还宣布,已有至少795人遇难。这一数字可能会进一步上升。

中国政府第一期就提供100万美元紧急现汇援助。英国红十字会从赈灾基金中拨出5万英镑(约合7.6万美元)给智利。…… 联合国向智利提供1000万美元赈灾援助。

中国西南地区旱灾

云南、广西、贵州、重庆、四川五省区受灾。

截至3月16日,旱灾造成四川省13个市州55个县市区受灾,616万人受灾,131万人饮水发生困难;截止3月11日,云南全省有780万人、486万头大牲畜饮水困难;秋冬播农作物受灾3000多万亩,占已播种面积的87%,全省小春粮食预计比上年减产50%以上,全省综合气象干旱重现期为80年以上一遇,滇中、滇东、滇西东部的大部地区升级为100年以上一遇;截至3月10日,贵州全省因旱近500万人、200余万头大牲畜发生临时饮水困难。全省农作物受旱面积1304万亩,占夏收农作物播种面积的 60%左右。

贵州黄果树瀑布只剩1米宽 每天断流18小时

2010年3月18日,重庆市合川区,嘉陵江合川段大量河床裸露出来,嘉陵江部分水段已经见底。

"桂林山水甲天下"——而受广西旱情影响,造成漓江水位继续下降,游览航线被迫缩短,近60公里的"山水画廊"游览线路如今缩为23公里,部分游船被迫停航。3月22日,漓江杨堤河段河床裸露。

~~~~~~~~~~

这些是天灾。 还有嗷嗷待哺的冰岛、希腊在期待IMF的救助,爱尔兰、西班牙及葡萄牙等国的财政状况也非常严峻。

由此看来,"捐款"有望成为2010年的keyword,赵本山的小品有可能再次成为水晶球。


西南旱灾地区捐款信息